Video Surveillance as a traditional video technology and modern communication technology is the application At present, both at home and abroad has attracted more and more attention. In this paper, the video surveillance business made a brief introduction and review, that the current video surveillance business with the traditional video surveillance business in the changes in demand. Video Monitoring and with the number of technical progress, then pointed out the current video monitoring system faces a major problem, and in order to solve these problems brought about by the development of future technology trends.
INTRODUCTION
Video surveillance operations with a long history and tradition Security widely used in the field, is to assist public security departments in the fight against crime, maintaining social stability and an important means. In recent years, with the spread of broadband and the development of computer technology, image processing technique, Video surveillance is increasingly extensive penetration in the education, government, entertainment, health care, hotels, sports and various other fields.
Business Overview
Video monitoring of basic business functions is to provide real-time monitoring tools, and the screen was conducted surveillance video storage, After intervals to. On this basis, the Senior Video Surveillance System for monitoring devices for remote control and alarm signal reception, trigger the alarm and linkage. Business function shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1 video surveillance business functions Map
The earliest video surveillance system is the simulation of the video monitoring system, also known as closed-circuit television surveillance system (CCTV). Image Video cables used to simulate mode transmission, transmission distance generally not too far. mainly used in a small area of surveillance, monitoring the images can only control center View. All analog video monitoring system to simulate the matrix and video streaming tape VCR equipment at the core.
Along with the development of digital technology, Digital Video Surveillance System from the 20th century, the mid-1990s began to appear, digital video matrix control of the substitution of the analog video matrix, a digital disk video recorder DVR substitution of the time-lapse simulation VCRs, the original tape storage schema into digital storage of video, will achieve the analog video to digital video. Set the VCR DVR, Quad and other functions, and make the first step towards digital control. On this basis have a digital video surveillance system, based on PC or embedded devices constitute a control system, and multimedia management. Such systems is video surveillance market mainstream.

With the popularization of broadband networks, video surveillance gradually from the local control to the development of remote monitoring, to a video server network as represented by Remote Video Surveillance System. Network Video Server solve the video stream on the network transmission, from image acquisition started digital processing, transmission, This makes the choice of transmission lines, more diversity, as long as the network would provide the image transmission possible. The whole system tends platform, intelligent. Many Internet companies have begun to set foot in such video surveillance system development, the market is still early stage.
Figure 2 gives a comparison now commonly used network Remote Video Monitoring System Map.
Figure 2 now more commonly used network Remote Video Surveillance System
Chart management and control center front, Control Center Video Surveillance System is an integral part of Wireless Network is part of video surveillance and other systems interoperability an example. Of course video surveillance system and other business networks common use, may also be integrated.

The components of the state as follows :
(1) monitoring the front : for the collection points were monitoring the surveillance information, and can be equipped with alarm equipment. Monitoring front can be divided into two categories :An ordinary camera + Video Server. Ordinary camera can be simulated camera, it can also be a digital camera. The original video signal was transmitted to the video server, video server coding, to TCP / IP protocol through the network spread to all other equipment.
2, the network camera. Webcam embracing camera, video coding, Web services capabilities High camera equipment, equipped with a TCP / IP protocol stack. Can be directly connected to the network.
(2) Management Center : bear all the front-end equipment management, control, alarm, video, video playback, user management. Some of the specialized functions from the server perform.
(3) Surveillance Center : to focus on their areas of jurisdiction to conduct monitoring activities, including television wall, monitoring terminal composed of groups of customers. System may have one or multiple monitoring centers.
(4) PC client : the control center, but also can be received by the PC on the network for remote monitoring.
(5) Wireless Bridge : wireless bridge for access to wireless data networks, and access to the Internet. Through wireless bridge can be IP-line monitoring information conveyed to the wireless terminal, You can also control wireless terminals pass orders online IP video surveillance management system. Currently used the wireless network to the CDMA network.
The changing needs of the business
Currently, control systems, the users of its function in demand reflects diversified and systematic. Mainly in the following areas :
Remote Access. Traditional video surveillance in general is a small area, which generally require users visit sites without geographic restriction can be visited at any time monitoring locations.
People with a simultaneous visit to control points. Traditionally, a control points are generally a control center (users) visited. But at present, with a control point may also be visited by a number of users, and those users may have no relationship. Users access to the complex would require the system to strengthen the management of access rights.
Monitoring points tend to be scattered, and tend to focus on monitoring. The same user control point increasingly decentralized, without geographical constraints. For the monitoring of these decentralized, the need to focus on management and control.
Require monitoring system is an open and extensible. The same system should support a variety of different types of monitoring equipment, the number of users, the number of control points can easily change.
Massive data storage. Networking means that the traditional local video functions can be transferred to a remote server onto realized, Massive Data Storage makes it possible. , It also requires a system with more storage, retrieval and backup functions.
Information security. System complexity, the diversity of users. Video Monitoring itself with the characteristics of an inevitable requirement of the system to provide effective information security assurance.
Intelligent Video Surveillance. Future video surveillance system will not be limited to passive to provide video screen, asked the system itself is enough wisdom to be able to identify different objects, the control screen found anomalies, in the fastest and best way to provide alerts and useful information, and thereby more effectively assist the security personnel to deal with the crisis and to minimize misstatements and omissions, become responsible for attacks and to handle unexpected events a powerful auxiliary tool. Intelligent Video Surveillance also can be applied to traffic management, customer behavior analysis, customer service and other non-security-related scenes to enhance the user's investment return.
Related Technology
1, CMOS image sensor technology maturity
Monitoring cameras image sensor is gradually from the traditional CCD to CMOS change. Both the length of each sensor, but has been CMOS sensor gradually reduce the shortcomings. CMOS Image Sensor low-cost, high integration for its main features, image quality is not inferior to that of CCD. Based on CCD with the probe, the CMOS sensor integration higher, Integrated CMOS sensors because of a number of external processing functions required for devices smaller than the CCD sensor. CMOS sensor and the power consumption is much lower. Looking at the entire system, CMOS sensor costs can be greatly reduced.
2, intelligent analysis of the development of technology
IEEE Intelligent Image analysis is a more substantial results, such as motion detection, face recognition, such as target tracking.
Motion Detection refers to the designated area can identify the image changes Detection of the presence of moving objects by light and to avoid the interference caused by the changes. As background image changes, such as weather, light, shadow and confusion to the effects of interference, makes motion detection become a very difficult task. Early detection of the movement of the Coding of I frames, and a comparative analysis of video frames by comparison images to detect changes. At present, the method is used to reduce background (Background Subtraction), Time Difference (Temporal Difference) Optical Flow (OpticalFlow), motion vector detection method.
3, chip technology for video surveillance products for new programs
IP cameras usually integrated video capture, video encoding / processing and network interface function. Video surveillance in the market can support these functions the video signal processor chip performance differ greatly. it is also the best way to highlight advantages of the products. From the functional requirements of low-end products at least to the introduction of high-performance multi-core digital signal processor (DSP) chip for high-end products aimed at a different market, the video signal processor requirements vary widely. DSP chip video processor to enable greatly improve performance. DSP is hastened these intelligent camera key elements. It is precisely because of these DSP and IP video server also will have to conduct more intelligent video management capabilities.
4, video compression format is getting more and more advanced
Former Digital Video Surveillance image formats mainly with MPEG2 - based implementations. With image compression technique, it appeared increasingly advanced video compression formats, such as MPEG-4. H.264, domestic development is vigorously with independent property rights AVS coding format. Video compression technology for the development of video surveillance in image transmission, video storage brings enormous benefits.
The main problems facing the development trends and technology
Currently, large-scale network video surveillance business is still at the initial stage of exploration, networking, digital, Intelligent Video Surveillance is an inevitable trend. Faced with this trend, the current video surveillance in a number of key technologies, there are many inadequacies. mainly manifested in the following aspects.
A media distribution
The current video surveillance system in the distribution of video media generally handled relatively simple, Users generally use the camera directly to the network for a visit, or through video server for simple media transponders, Given the increasingly large group of users, such media transmission will become image transmission bottlenecks. The availability of efficient distribution mechanism for the media will be judged Video Surveillance System merits of a key indicator.
Indeed, the media circulated a video of any business in the development of a certain level is bound to face problems Video Surveillance video with other business -- such as IPTV -- to study video distribution problems. The video surveillance system will be based on a relatively perfect media distribution platform to transmit real-time video and video information Video information.
2, video store
Currently, Web-based video surveillance system basically adopted a center video server to store video. Central video server management convenient, safe and reliable, but because at any time for the video, data traffic flow. Carrying Network to tremendous pressure. If marginalization of the video store, although video stream can reduce the number of mitigation Carrying Network pressure but scattered video video data management will bring great trouble, video data security will be greatly reduced. Evidently, a lot of the future needs of the storage location of the center would be impossible to bear unified storage, and the large number of distributed, and different storage is not available technology. The video surveillance system to the video store aspects of a sound structural design, in order to meet the requirements of video.
3, concurrent scheduling
The current video surveillance system users in a video surveillance point there is generally no concurrent demand, Users may even batch to the same video surveillance information about the same time a call request, which also called no difference. In the future, systems and services users to diversify their sources and do not controllable, and their use aims of the same situation, Monitoring System for the same control point there is a conflict with the call. Priority must therefore consider competence and distribution mechanism.
4, billing
The current video surveillance is a single accounting model, usually leased mainly or users access only after a single use video surveillance point when upload information flow can be long or, Billing its business and accounting point scale without too complicated, consider a simple general agreement can be RADIUS. Future Video Surveillance System consider the accounting issues, including the single-user single right in the use of resources, single-user to multi-use of resources, Multi-user to use more resources, which is single-billing and billing point scale, rely solely on the concise single-billing agreement could not be supported. The system should be flexible to support change, the Mass while many business strategy, support the business strategy of the various real-time billing function.
5, grading
Some of the current remote video surveillance system can support the classification, but this hierarchical distribution of content only with the grade, on the other network-functional systems or as a consideration.
Future Video Surveillance systems need to consider the classification is not only content distribution grade, because the entire network of different service providers for user control, business management, content distribution, BOSS This four-level grading requirements are different. This point users to control and classification of business management in the demand close to the television system is not a simple point-to-point conversation between EC, completely redesigned.
6, business integration
The current RMON not consider other business systems and among the call. The future of video surveillance system and a number of other cross-called business systems, between different systems of multi-exchange and the sharing of resources must be taken into account.
Concluding remarks
From the past to now control simulation of digital monitoring; From behind the scene to control the advanced remote monitoring; It was from now on duty to monitor the unmanned monitoring, video surveillance is moving towards digital, Internet, and the direction of scale to flourish. Of course, there are still a lot of need to further explore the issue. Relative to other communications businesses, video surveillance business was relatively young. Video Surveillance market at present has not yet appeared to control the whole market leader. For the communications equipment manufacturers and telecommunications operators, video surveillance will be a very good opportunity for development.